[101] Then he carried the wealth and the captured slaves, returning to his capital through the Hindu Kush. Fioritura: 8 settimane Raccolto: 450 – 600 gr/mq . [16][17], Many peaks of the range are between 4,400 and 5,200 m (14,500 and 17,000 ft), and some much higher, with an average peak height of 4,500 metres (14,800 feet). [14][15] Towards its southern end, it connects with the Spin Ghar Range near the Kabul River. It is consistently powerful and is a great late afternoon power high after a crappy day (or a good day, or even a medium day). [60], Geologically, the range is rooted in the formation of a subcontinent from a region of Gondwana that drifted away from East Africa about 160 million years ago, around the Middle Jurassic period. [103] He first established himself and his army in Kabul and the Hindu Kush region. Some manuscripts are in the Gāndhārī language and Kharoṣṭhī script, while others are in Sanskrit and written in forms of the Gupta script. Reviews Questo articolo contiene materiale proveniente dai. I versanti meridionali sono esposti all'influenza dei monsoni estivi, con estati umide e inverni asciutti, e tra i 1300 e i 3300 metri circa di altitudine ospitano foreste sclerofile e di conifere; i versanti settentrionali e occidentali ricevono piogge più scarse (principalmente in inverno e primavera) e ospitano soltanto radi alberi e cespugli nani. The inner valleys of the Hindu Kush see little rain and have desert vegetation. [40] According to linguist Francis Joseph Steingass, the suffix -kush means 'a male; (imp. da "Montagne dell'India" o "Montagne dell'Indo" (dal fiume, Kuh-i-Umieh m. 5759 Nico Zuffi, Bianca Di Beaco, Walter Mejak,,Fioretta Tarlao, Fabio Benedetti, Kohe Pegish Jurm, m.6.080 - prima assoluta, Kohe Solhtalab, m. 5.430 - prima assoluta. La regione di Chitral è la più elevata dell'Hindu Kush, con le vette più alte, innumerevoli passi e imponenti ghiacciai. [71] The southeastern valleys of Hindu Kush connecting towards the Indus Valley region were a major centre that hosted monasteries, religious scholars from distant lands, trade networks and merchants of ancient Indian subcontinent. The Hindu Kush range remains geologically active and is still rising[65] - it is prone to earthquakes. Here you can find all info about the pure/landrace variety Hindu Kush Indica.If you are searching for information about the pure/landrace Hindu Kush Indica, check out our Basic Infos, Lineage / Genealogy or Hybrids / Crossbreeds for this cannabis variety here at this page and follow the links to get even more information. Componenti: don Arturo Bergamaschi - Achille Poluzzi - Gilberto Bertolani - Gian Carlo Calza - Alziro Molin - Benito Modoni - Guerrino Sacchin - Nando Stagni - Gian Carlo Zuffa. [26] In ancient mines producing lapis lazuli are found in Kowkcheh Valley, while gem-grade emeralds are found north of Kabul in the valley of the Panjsher River and some of its tributaries. Tra questi, i più estesi sono quelli di Chiantar, Kurambar e Terich, che alimentano il fiume Kunar, che scorre verso sud entrando in Afghanistan e si unisce al Bashgal, al Panjsher e infine al molto più piccolo fiume Kabul. [79], Mahmud of Ghazni came to power in 998 CE, in Ghazna, Afghanistan, south of Kabul and the Hindu Kush range. The Chitral District of Pakistan is home to Tirich Mir, Noshaq, and Istoro Nal - the highest peaks in the Hindu Kush. [49] According to Hobson-Jobson, a 19th century British dictionary, the name might be a corruption of Indicus Caucasus, with another explanation mentioned first by Ibn Batuta remaining popular despite doubts upon it, and the modification of the name by some later writers into Hindu Koh is factitious and reveals nothing on the name's origin. [86], The subcontinent and valleys of the Hindu Kush remained unconquered by the Islamic armies until the 9th century, even though they had conquered the southern regions of Indus River valley such as Sind. dalle ultime grandi montagne "assassine", così definite a causa delle perdite inflitte a coloro che le attraversavano nel percorso tra l'altopiano afghano e il subcontinente indiano. Genetica: Hindu Kush x Hindu Kush Tipo: Indica 100% THC: 20% CBD: medio CBN: medio alto . This section extends from the Durāh Pass to the Baroghil Pass at the border between northeastern Afghanistan and north Pakistan. We present to you a 90% indica dominant beauty, Hindu Kush Autoflowering. According to Clarence-Smith, the practice was curtailed but continued during Akbar's era, and returned after Akbar's death; "Mapping the vulnerability hotspots over Hindu-Kush Himalaya region to flooding disasters", "Development of an ASSESSment system to evaluate the ecological status of rivers in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan region", Spīn Ghar Range, MOUNTAINS, PAKISTAN-AFGHANISTAN, https://iranicaonline.org/articles/alborz-geography, History of Environmental Change in the Sistan Basin, "Greater India Basin hypothesis and a two-stage Cenozoic collision between India and Asia", "Afghan archaeologists find Buddhist site as war rages", "An Historical Guide to Kabul – The Name", Antiquities of India: An Account of the History and Culture of Ancient Hindustan, List of countries where Arabic is an official language, Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests, Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows, Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hindu_Kush&oldid=1018069684, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 16 April 2021, at 03:35. [89][90] He retracted each time, only extending Islamic rule into western Punjab. Il nome Hindu Kush è solitamente applicato all'intera catena che separa i bacini del Kabul e dell'Helmand da quello dell'Amu Darya (l'antico Oxus), o più specificamente, a quella parte della catena a nord-ovest di Kabul che venne chiamata il Caucaso (indiano) dagli storici al seguito di Alessandro Magno. Hindu Kush is particularly helpful for users with insomnia, as large enough doses can induce sleep. Lo Hajigak (2.713 metri) e l'Unai (3.350 metri) conducono verso lo Hazarajat orientale e la valle di Bamian. Welcome to Hindu Kush Areal Typology One of the goals of the research project “Language contact and relatedness in the Hindukush region” was to produce a typological profile of the languages spoken in the Hindu Kush region, a mountainous area in north-eastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan and the northern parts of the Indian-administered territories of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh. Al Biruni stayed in the region for about fifteen years, learnt Sanskrit, and translated many Indian texts, and wrote about Indian society, culture, sciences, and religion in Persian and Arabic. L'Hindu Kush fa parte del grande complesso di catene montuose dell'Asia e dell'Europa formatosi nel corso dell'orogenesi alpino-himalaiana, a partire dalla fine del periodo cenozoico. L'altezza delle montagne del sistema dell'Hindu Kush decresce spostandosi verso ovest. [112] The last polytheistic stronghold remained in the region until 1896, called "Kafiristan" whose people practised a form of polytheism (or were possibly nondenominational Muslims) until invasion and conversion at the hands of Afghans under Amir Abdur Rahman Khan. Fioritura: metà – … Smaller rivers with headwaters in the range include them Khash, the Farah and the Arashkan (Harut) rivers. This portion of the Hindu Kush is very mountainous, with steep slopes. [111], In early 19th century, the Sikh Empire expanded under Ranjit Singh in the northwest as far as the Hindu Kush range. Trova fotografie stock di qualità elevata che non potrai trovare da nessuna altra parte. A taste of North Carolina steep burl with absolutely gigantic holds! The Hindu Kush mountain passes connected the slave markets of Central Asia with slaves seized in South Asia. Qui il completamento di una galleria nel 1964 ridusse i tempi di viaggio tra Kabul e il nord ad alcune ore, mentre in precedenza il viaggio verso il nord attraverso il Kotal-e Shibar (3.260 metri) richiedeva tre giorni. [82] The region became a part of the Kushan Empire around the start of the common era. Hindu Kush della Sensi Seeds è una varietà Regolare in cui tutti i caratteri qualitativi di questa genetica si possono esprimere al meglio con totale naturalezza, con una particolare attenzione alla presenza di esemblari maschili ogni coltivatore dal principiante al più esperto può avere successo con questa pianta. Hindu Kush di Mancera è una fragranza del gruppo Ambrato Legnoso unisex.Hindu Kush è stato lanciato sul mercato nel 2018. [21] Pre-Islamic populations of the Hindu Kush included Shins, Yeshkuns,[121][122] Chiliss, Neemchas[123] Koli,[124] Palus,[124] Gaware,[125] and Krammins. [104], Slavery, as with all major ancient and medieval societies, has been a part of Central Asia and South Asia history. Hindu Kush is an indica landrace strain named after the mountain range in Central Asia where it originates. [19][20] It remained a stronghold of polytheistic faiths until the 19th century. [75] Buddhism later disappeared and locals were forced to convert to Islam. [14][15] Towards its southern end, it connects with the Spin Ghar Range near the Kabul River. [78] The Islamic conquest of the area happened under Sabuktigin who conquered Jayapala's dominion west of Peshawar in 10th century. The range has numerous high snow-capped peaks, with the highest point being Tirich Mir or Terichmir at 7,708 metres (25,289 ft) in the Chitral District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Indoor. Tra i passi che collegano l'Afghanistan a Chitral, in Pakistan, vi sono il Baroghil (3.798 metri) e il Kachin (5.639 metri). [87] Kabul fell to the army of Al-Ma'mun, the seventh Abbasid caliph, in 808 and the local king agreed to accept Islam and pay annual tributes to the caliph. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}35°N 71°E / 35°N 71°E / 35; 71, The Hindu Kush (Dari, Pashto: هندوکش /kʊʃ, kuːʃ/ commonly understood to mean Killer of the Hindus, Killer of the Indians, or Hindu-Killer[2][3][4][5][6][7][8]) is an 800-kilometre-long (500 mi) mountain range that stretches through Afghanistan,[9][10] from its centre to Northern Pakistan and into Tajikistan. Such a lot of quite fascinating detail is packed into this story, making the book - in a relatively short space - a really gripping read. The basins of these rivers serves the ecology and economy of the region, but the water flow in these rivers greatly fluctuate, and reliance on these has been a historical problem with extended droughts being commonplace. I always have this on board and would highly recommend it to anyone … The flavors are sweet and earthy. Situati più a ovest sono il Shotorgardan (3.720 metri), tra le province di Lowgar e Paktia; il Bazarak (2.713 metri), sulla via di Mazar-e Sharif; il Khawak (3.550 metri) nella valle del Panjsher, e, alla sua testata, l'Anjuman (3.858 metri), che dà accesso al nord. [citation needed], Numerous high passes ("kotal") transect the mountains, forming a strategically important network for the transit of caravans. The Hindu Kush alpine meadow ecoregion (WWF ID:PA1005) covers a portion of the Hindu Kush Mountain Range in northern Afghanistan.Most of the terrain is between 3,000 and 4,000 meters in elevation. [84] These Buddhists were religiously tolerant and they co-existed with followers of Zoroastrianism, Manichaseism, and Nestorian Christianity. [108][109] However, the interaction between Central Asia and South Asia through the Hindu Kush was not limited to slavery, it included trading in food, goods, horses and weapons. He thus helped bring the Islamic rule to the northern plains of Indian subcontinent. Hindu Kush (hĭn`do͞o ko͝osh), a high mountain system, extending c.500 mi (800 km) W from the Pamir Knot, N Pakistan, into NE Afghanistan; rising to 25,236 ft (7,692 m) in Tirich Mir, on the border of Afghanistan and Pakistan.Glaciated and receiving heavy snowfall, the mountains have permanently snow-covered peaks and little vegetation. [98][99][100] He arrived in the capital Delhi where his army looted and killed its residents. [121], For the marijuana variety of the same name, see, "Hindukush" redirects here. I versanti meglio esposti sono utilizzati anche a pascolo. Il tunnel di Salang (a 3.363 metri di quota, lungo circa 2,6 km) e le altre numerose gallerie sulle strade di accesso al passo furono costruite con l'aiuto finanziario e tecnologico sovietico. [51][28] Another theory suggests the Hindu Kush is derived from word 'Hindu' coming from sindhuh meaning 'river' in Sanskrit, while kush is a Sanskrit root related to Persian kūh meaning 'mountain'. [118], After the 11 September 2001 terror attacks in New York City and Washington D.C., the American and ISAF campaign against Al Qaeda and their Taliban allies made the Hindu Kush once again a militarised conflict zone. In 1019, he recorded and described a solar eclipse in what is the modern era Laghman Province of Afghanistan through which Hindu Kush pass. Hindu Kush Auto della Sensi Seeds, la 100% indica che prende il nome dalla regione montuosa dell'Afghanistan da cui proviene in versione automatica. [91][92], In 1017, the Iranian Islamic historian Al-Biruni was deported after a war that Mahmud of Ghazni won,[93] to the northwest Indian subcontinent under Mahmud's rule. Nella regione di Chitral, in Pakistan, sono situati il Tirich Mir, il Noshaq e l'Istoro Nal, le vette più alte della catena. Le note di testa sono Incenso, Cannabis, Spezie e Labdano; le note di cuore sono Note Legnose e Foglia di Patchouli; le note di base sono Ambra, Legno di Guaiaco, Baccello di Vaniglia e … From about 1,300 to 2,300 m (4,300 to 7,500 ft), states Yarshater, "sklerophyllous forests are predominant with Quercus and Olea (wild olive); above that up to a height of about 3,300 m (10,800 ft) one finds coniferous forests with cedars, Picea, Abies, Pinus, and junipers". Some phenotypes have shades of purple in the leaves, the result of high concentrations of plant pigments called anthocyanins being activated by cold weather during the vegetative stage. Hindu Kush marijuana should be your number one choice if you are looking for a highly potent weed with a distinct and traditional smell/taste that will keep you high for hours. Some 19th century encyclopaedias and gazetteers state that the term Hindu Kush originally applied only to the peak in the area of the Kushan Pass, which had become a centre of the Kushan Empire by the first century. [68] It has also been the passageway during the invasions of the Indian subcontinent,[24][25] a region where the Taliban and Al Qaeda grew,[27][69] and to modern era warfare in Afghanistan. Geographer Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859) states that it can be learned from his work that the name only referred to a single mountain pass upon which many Indian slaves died of the cold weather. [18] The Hindu Kush range region was a historically significant centre of Buddhism with sites such as the Bamiyan Buddhas. Prima della costruzione della strada di Salang, i passi più noti nella percezione storica occidentale dell'Afghanistan erano quelli verso il subcontinente indiano. Hindu Kush got its name from the mountain range that cuts through Pakistan and Afghanistan, also known as the Hindu Kush mountains. The eastern Hindu Kush, also known as the "High Hindu Kush", is mostly located in northern Pakistan and the Nuristan and Badakhshan provinces of Afghanistanas with peaks over 7,000 m (23,000 ft). I monti del Pamir, che gli afghani chiamano "il tetto del mondo", si estendono nel Tagikistan, in Cina e nel Kashmir. https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hindu_Kush&oldid=119698617, Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità, licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo. L'altitudine media della catena è di 4.500 metri. [54] The range has several other passes in Afghanistan, the lowest of which is the southern Shibar pass (2,700 m or 9,000 ft) where the Hindu Kush range terminates.[26]. This autoflower expresses fragrances reminiscent of sandalwood, and incense. [57] Melt water from snow and ice feeds major river systems in Central Asia: the Amu Darya, Helmand River (which is a major source of water for the Sistan Basin in southern Afghanistan and Iran), and the Kabul River[57] - the last of which is a major tributary of the Indus River. It’s a landrace strain, which was carefully preserved to maintain the true Kush lineage. [64], The Hindu Kush are a part of the "young Eurasian mountain range consisting of metamorphic rocks such as schist, gneiss and marble, as well as of intrusives such as granite, diorite of different age and size". [59], These mountainous areas are mostly barren, or at the most sparsely sprinkled with trees and stunted bushes. The northern regions of the Hindu Kush witness Himalayan winter and have glaciers, while its southeastern end witness the fringe of Indian subcontinent summer monsoons.[60]. Il Wakhjir (4.923 metri) mette in comunicazione il corridoio di Wakhan con il Xinjiang, in Cina, e con le Aree del Nord in Pakistan. Molti ponti distrutti nei combattimenti sono stati ricostruiti, ma alcune delle strutture maggiori sono ancora danneggiate. Alle altitudini più elevate (al di sopra dei 5000 metri) si trovano ghiacciai, particolarmente estesi nelle regioni orientali e centrali della catena, che sono un'importante fonte d'acqua in ogni stagione dell'anno. The Kush family of marijuana is perhaps one of the oldest and most appreciated strain families out there. L'origine del termine Hindu Kush (e se questo si traduca in "uccisore di hindu") è motivo di discussione. [80] He moved towards the Indus Valley river region in Indian subcontinent in 327 BCE, his armies building several towns in this region over the intervening two years. The earliest known usage of the name Hindu Kush occurs on a map published about 1000 CE. The western Hindu Kush, states Yarshater, rises to over 5,100 m (16,700 ft) and stretches between Darra-ye Sekari and the Shibar Pass in the west and the Khawak Pass in the east. Tuttavia sembra che queste miniere siano esaurite. Hindu Kush From the mighty Caucasus to the Indus River Valley, Hindu Kush takes us on a journey of discovery across some of the most mystery-shrouded and diverse landscapes in the world. Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 3 apr 2021 alle 17:38. Il più importante di essi è il Kotal-e Sālang (3.878 metri), sulla via che collega Kabul alle regioni settentrionali dell'Afghanistan. [16][17], The mountains have been associated with the legendary Alborz mountains of Iran in the Shahnameh. [117][118] Other Mujahideen joined the Northern Alliance to oppose the Taliban rule. According to Walter Schumann, the West Hindu Kush mountains have been the source of finest Lapis lazuli for thousands of years. Hindu Kush Autoflowering: When A Landrace Kush And Ruderalis Hybridized. I settori interessati dal sostegno della DSC in Afghanistan sono il buongoverno locale, la tutela dei diritti umani e l’avvocatura. Hindu Kush is one of my favorite of what I consider the old strains. of kushtan in comp.) [76][77] The area eventually came under control of the Hindu Shahi dynasty of Kabul. After this I proceeded to the city of Barwan, in the road to which is a high mountain, covered with snow and exceedingly cold; they call it the Hindu Kush, that is Hindu-slayer, because most of the slaves brought thither from India die on account of the intenseness of the cold. The ridges between Khawak Pass and Badakshan is over 5,800 m (19,000 ft) and is called the Kaja Mohammed range. [52]Another theroy is that the name may be from the ancient Avestan language, with the meaning 'water mountain'. [48], Several other theories have been propounded as to the origins of the name Hindu Kush. He stayed for some time in the Hindu Kush region, particularly near Kabul. Questa viene però da molti considerata una falsa etimologia. It divides the valley of the Amu Darya (the ancient Oxus) to the north from the Indus River valley to the south. [93] Al Biruni also wrote about early history of the Hindu Kush region and Kabul kings, who ruled the region long before he arrived, but this history is inconsistent with other records available from that era. Ristampa: Asian Educational Services, New Delhi e Madras, 1992. Nella parte centrale, nella regione di Kabul, le massime altezze sono comprese tra i 4.500 e i 6.000 metri; più a ovest, variano tra i 3.500 e i 4.000 metri. .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .latitude,.mw-parser-output .longitude{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .geo{}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output #coordinates{font-size:85%;line-height:1.5em;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;white-space:nowrap}Coordinate: 35°N 71°E / 35°N 71°E35; 71. [88] Al Biruni was supported by Sultan Mahmud. The Hindu Kush are orographically described in several parts. Questo potrebbe essere interpretato come un ricordo dei prigionieri indiani che perivano nelle montagne durante il trasporto verso i mercati degli schiavi dell'Asia centrale. [113], In the colonial era, the Hindu Kush were considered, informally, the dividing line between Russian and British areas of influence in Afghanistan. Ancora più a ovest, i passi del Paropamiso sono situati a quote relativamente basse, intorno ai 600 metri; il più noto è quello di Sabzak (2.200 metri) tra le province di Herat e di Badghis, che collega le regioni occidentali e nordoccidentali dell'Afghanistan. It divides the valley of the Amu Darya (the ancient Oxus) to the north from the Indus River valley to the south. The plant is strong, compact, with many branches. The range forms the western section of the Hindu Kush Himalayan Region (HKH)[11][12][13] and is the westernmost extension of the Pamir Mountains, the Karakoram and the Himalayas. [33][34], Hindu Kush is generally translated as 'Killer of Hindu' or 'Hindu-Killer'. Il nome potrebbe infatti derivare: Inoltre, nella moderna lingua persiana, la parola Kush deriva dal verbo Kushtan (sconfiggere, uccidere, sottomettere). The range has numerous high snow-capped peaks, with the highest point being Tiric… Pitch 1: There are a couple of variations, all of which funnel into the intimidating roof above. Gibb. Gibb, H.A.R., 1929. Translated and selected by H.A.R. Scegli tra immagini premium su Catena Dell'hindu Kush della migliore qualità. Hindu Kush is marked by large, clustered green buds that adhere due to their incredibly sticky consistency. a killer, who kills, slays, murders, oppresses as azhdaha-kush. [83], The lands north of the Hindu Kush, in the Hephthalite dominion, Buddhism was the predominant religion by mid 1st millennium CE. Una curiosità: la musicista jazz Katie Melua è autrice di una canzone intitolata "Halfway Up the Hindu Kush" . [35][36][37][38][39] Boyle's Persian-English dictionary indicates that the suffix -koš [koʃ] is the present stem of the verb 'to kill' (koštan کشتن).
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